November 11th, 1926

Apart. No 1.

Chicago Ill.

Nov. 11^th, 1926

Dear Carrie,

Yours of the 9^th inst. just reached me tonight. I duly wrote you of my change of residence, but it seems my letter did not reach you. I am rooming with a family I formerly roomed with prior to going to Mrs. Heilscher’s. I, also, used to board with the mother (now dead), the “lady of the house.” I am now rooming in the home of H. Stanley and Florence A Reynolds at #915 west #86^th Place apart no.1. Mr. Reynolds is a clerk in “The Mutual National Bank.” They have two daughters, one 7years old, the other 11 months old. I have a comfortable room, (furnace heated), having a very large clothing closet, in which I, also, keep my trunk.

Since mother died, I have “lived around,” and had all sorts of experiences, and the longer I live, the more the quietness, and peacefulness of the single life appeals to me. I see by your letter that today “Thursday the eleventh” is the fatal day when Webster gives up^^the joys of bachelorhood, and enters “the monogamic institution of marriage” and that this date is, also ^^the anniversary of your wedding day. I am unable to make out the name of the young lady who is a party to this civil contract (for that is all marriage is in the sight of the law) which secures for her “board and clothing for life.” Lucky woman. I wish them all the happiness in the world.

I took as my vacation the last two weeks of Oct. I was retired the 31^st of Oct., and Nov. 1 my wages were reduced to a pension basis. I do not know as yet what the amount of the pension will be, but I know it will be small. I have, as yet, made no effort to obtain employment, and have spent most of my leisure in reading. I still have passes, and go to the business center every day, and watch the stock grain & cotton quotations, and visit the Public Library, and read magazines. I took your advice and did not retire until I reached the age limit i.e. 70 years. I, also, took your advice and did not “buy an income” by the purchase of the six flat building, and am now engaged in working out a plan to live within what income I shall now have. I have been greatly tempted to buy cotton around 12¢ but have resisted it so far.

I much enjoy reading “The American Mercury Magazine.” Today I came upon an article upon

“Monogamy” and it greatly pleases me, and so much so I made a copy of it. I quote from it.

“The success of the monogamic institution of marriage in these later days of Caucasian civilization must be looked for very largely outside the cities, and in the small towns, villages, farms, and other such places, where life is relatively

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(quotation continued) “drab and uneventful. Monogamy flourishes, as a cactus flourishes in a desert. Its very irritations, annoyances, disgusts, plate throwing, even fist fights are the things that perpetuate it sicne they, distasteful they are, yet offer themselves as compensatory fillips in the miserable humdrum of life immediately beyond the household walls. It is impossible to imagine the failure of a marriage on a deserted island, and it is almost as difficult to imagine the failure of a marriage in a settlement of five hundred or a thousand people where there isn’t even a movie parlor: where the railroad crossing man’s mother-in-law is the only suspect houri within twenty miles, and where the roads are bad, and where any person who doesn’t go to bed with the crows is given a hard look

Carrie- Here I had a caller who stayed late, and the next day I was called out of the city and I have had no chance to finish this letter, and now its Monday Nov. 15^th and “the lady of the house” is ill and I am remaining at home while the husband is at the bank. I now resume my letter writing

by the pastor on Sunday morning. It is obvious that a marriage disintegrates less frequently from internal than external causes. Thousands of married couples who hate the sight of each other, and would give their last nickel to mash the breakfast grape-fruit against each others noses stay married nevertheless, and so contribute their might to the delusion, shared by the less reflective statistician, that monogamy is a success (illusion). But the moment a husband lays an eye on a woman who coddles his fancy and causes him to lament the fact that his wife’s hair is black instead of yellow, or the moment a wife begins to take too great an interest in football or quotes at the dinner table the charming remark of her osteopath, that moment does a shyster lawyer somewhere begin figuring on buying a new body for his Ford. In the cities, these deplorable external critiques of monogamous marriage are plenteous, in the rural regions they hardly exist. The married yokel looks about him, and sees that his married lot is no worse then that of his neighbor’s. If his wife needs a good shampoo and garters to keep her cotton stockings from looking like exhausted accordions, so does this neighbor’s wife, and that neighbor’s wife in town. If the corned beef and cabbage that wafts into his windows from the house across the mule-path smells as if it would taste the same. If the physical appeal of his spouse is approximately as strong as that of a campaign poster of Ma Ferguson’s, so is that of every other squaw in the reservation, so he simply sits back, heaves a sigh, and waits patiently for a blonde angel in a white nightie in the hereafter. The city man, on the other hand, suffers a matrimonial doubt almost every time he looks out of a window or walks down the street on a windy day, and so, also, does his wife. For every marriage that is dissolved for statutory reasons, there are ten that begin to wobble toward disintegration simply because a husband, quite innocently, but unforgettably, likes the way in which his secretary smiles good morning at him, or because a wife admires the way in which some other fellow of her acquaintance keeps his trousers up without suspenders.”

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I judge the author of this article on “Monogamy” was a man with a bitter experience. The divorce courts, too, have their tales to tell of how difficult it is for a man and woman to live together in close contact. Looking at the subject with the perspective of the author, Webster stands a very good chance to escape the “Rocks of matrimony.” My sincere hope is that he will.

The predictions are for a severe winter, but I do not place much reliance on predictions regarding the weather. I am unable to decipher the given name of Webster’s wife in your last letter, and do not recall her last name prior to her marriage. It will be quite a change for her after having lived in a large city. Recently I read that Florida had never been visited by tornadoes later than Oct. or Nov. of any year. I am wondering if it is truth or propaganda. I shall begin working again if an opportunity presents. Men 71 years of age, and lame, are not much needed, I find. I took the last two weeks of Oct as my vacation. I have now been “a Man of leisure” for a month. As you predicted this kind of living (on so small a pension) is not to my liking. Nothing but lack of income would keep me from going South directly after Thanksgiving. I presume Pneumonia will “get me” in January or Feb. but it will not matter.

Your affectionate cousin,

James

Paragraphs, punctuation, paper, OH MY!

Well, I had been putting off writing this post because I was desperately trying to find more evidence on what I was going to write about. Even in absence of the evidence, I'll go ahead and write this post.

Frances and I were talking about the infamous "Monogamy" letter written to Carrie E. Hodge by her dear cousin James "Jim" Martin. (I will post the letter next). Frances made a comment about how hard it is to read Jim Martin's letters sometimes because he just jumps from one subject to another with no transition. I had noticed the same thing BUT, having read more letters of the error at this point, I think I know why it seems this way.

It all comes down to paper and postage, I think. I remember learning somewhere that paper was a precious commodity 100 years ago. I know during times of war in particular (such as WWI and WWII), it was important to use as few sheets of paper as possible to write letters in order to save money on paper and postage. The result is long letters with no margins or paragraph breaks! You never know how valuable a paragraph break is until you are reading Jim Martin's letters which often seem to be one long run-on sentence. I noticed especially in the "Monogamy" letter that Jim was definitely thinking about saving paper. On the first two pages, the writing is edge to edge, small, and cramped. In the letter James Martin is copying an article from a magazine to send to Carrie. At the end of the 2nd page, he is almost done with the article but it probably became clear that he was not going to fit it all on 2 pages. Thus the final page does not have nearly as much writing! He finishes the article, makes some closing remarks, and signs off. The writing on this page is much bigger with lots of space between lines. It's as if he said "Oh well! Gotta use another sheet anyways so might as well be sloppy while I can!"

The other thing I've noticed is that the punctuation is either really difficult to decipher or it is just non-existent. When I started typing up the letters, I was going to try to stay true to spellings, grammar, punctuation etc. Well, I've decided that although those things are really cool in a historical sense, it is a lot easier understand the letter if I take a few guesses as to the placement of commas and the beginnings of sentences. Therefore in most of the letters I've manufactured paragraph breaks in order to make the reading easier for everyone. After you read the next post of Jim Martin's letter, imagine reading it in old cursive with no paragraph breaks... I find it fun! Others find it tedious and frustrating... I love this project though - it is relaxing to just sit down and puzzle out a letter and learn a little more every day about these people I call my ancestors. Enjoy!

P.S. Two more things - James Martin in particular LOVES to underline things so whenever possible, I underline as he does. Second, when I typed up "Monogamy" each typed page equaled 1 of his handwritten pages... If you've ever typed up something hand written, you will know this is really amazing. When I type up stuff I've written, two hand written pages usually fit on one typed page...

Oct. 13, 1897 ~ Letter to F.A. Hodge from Adam Bede

Centerburg, Ohio, Oct 13, 1897

Senator F.A. Hodge,
Francestown, N.H.

Dear Senator:
I have been hustling over Ohio so fast since coming here that I have neglected my correspondence, and haven’t got hold of the local papers where I speak. But the Columbus State Journal has given me several very complimentary notices through the local correspondents, of which I enclose one. I am busy all the time, but the committee is holding me in readiness to follow Towne if he comes back to the state. He has already missed some of his engagements. I have got into the pond with the big fish here, and am having a happy time.

(Page 2)

I was sent to fill one appointment for Foraker when he was called to New York, once to supply a vacancy for Senator Wellington of Maryland, and am billed with congressmen all the time, as they generally send two speakers to each meeting here. Tomorrow night I am with Lt. Gov. Jones, the next day with Tama Jim Wilson of Iowa, now secretary of Agriculture at Washington. Next Monday I am with Ex-U.S. Senator B.K. Bruce (colonel) of Mississippi. One night I was with Congressman Hull of Iowa, and was to be with Knute Nelson last Monday night but family affairs called him suddenly hom. At my first date I was with Hauna, Congressman Kerr, and ex.Cong.Watson both of this state. Most of my appointments have been in County seat towns of 5000 to 10,000 population, and are have jolly good times. There is considerable apathy on both sides, however, and the total vote will fall off 100,000 or so from last year.

(Page 3)

The Silver question is very much observed, and the democrats seem afraid of it, their fight being made against Mark Hauna. There is also much rivalry between the big folks here, and much soreness and jealousy in places. Only an election can demonstrate the extent of these influences, but if the republicans turn out and vote their own ticket they are lasy winners by 100,000.
I am writing this at a little country hotel while waiting for railroad connections, so excuse stationary, and, in the words of the runaway pig, my bad pen.
Remember me with kindly regards to Mrs. Hodge, and to your people if this finds you still in New England.
The weather is very warm here and very dry. A light shower Monday was the first in six weeks. The Sciota river is entirely dry at Columbus. In haste,

Ever Sincerely,
J. Adam Bede

Hauna told me he would make it rain if he didn’t need a good deal of dust for campaign purposes.


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

NOTES:
Historical names – J. Adam Bede
Senator Wellington of Maryland
Lt. Gov. Jones
Tama Jim Wilson (Tama distinguishes him from another congressman named Jim F. Wilson, also from Iowa)
Ex-U.S. Senator Bruce (colonel) of Mississippi.
Congressman Hall of Iowa
Knute Nelson
Mark Hauna
Congressman Kerr (of Ohio)
Ex. Cong.Watson (of Ohio)

On the actual letter –
The stationary is plain and faintly lined on both sides. The envelope used is from the National Life Insurance Co of Vermont but that address has been crossed out by the writer. The handwriting is very elegant and surprisingly easy to read!

Here is the text of the enclosed article (no date was referenced on the clipping)

GREAT CONTRAST
The Sovereign Meeting Was the Big Republican Gathering at Nelsonville

Nelsonville, O., Oct.7 – (Special.) – A rousing republican mass meeting was held here in Stuarts opera house last night. It was a marked contrast to the Democratic opening a few days since, when only a handful gathered to hear Master Workman Sovereign. The speeches delivered last night were also a marked contrast, inasmuch as they were not tirades of abuse but logical arguments.
Hon. John P. Green of Cleveland first addressed the meeting. He spoke for the most part to the colored citizens, who were assembled, and was given close attention. He made an eloquent appeal and his oratory was frequently applauded. No colored people here will be deluded into voting for the McLean side show. Mr. Green was followed by Hon. J. Adam Bede of Minnesota, who held the audience spell-bound by his matchless address. They were often provoked to laughter, but his arguments came home with telling effect. He said he had heard Master Workman Sovereign make a speech a few days ago in which he referred to the fact that he had worked in the tombstone business for 15 years. Mr. Bede said it seemed to him eminently fitting that a party which was running on so many dead issues should have a man who would be able to prepare a suitable monument.

An Introduction

Hi y'all!
Emily here. As many of you know, Grandma aka Mary L. has been cleaning out the closets and getting rid of things. In the process, boxes and boxes of letters from our ancestors were uncovered. They were going to just be sent to a relative but then Frances and I started reading some and were fascinated! We volunteered to take the letters and start transcribing them so they could easily be read and shared. Sending a bunch of Word documents to everyone seemed a bit much, especially since I don't know who in the family might be interested in reading them. So I thought of posting them on a blog! This blog is available to anyone who has the address but it will not be listed on the Blogger.com site or on any search engines.

There is no order to when they are transcribed so I may type up one from 1897 and then skip to one from 1907. The title of each post will include the date the letter was written. I try to stay true to the original grammar and punctuation as much as possible, so things may seem a little "off"...

Typing up these letters has been so much fun! It is a combination of breaking a code (ever seen turn of the century cursive?), interpreting idioms, and looking up historic facts to help in both of the above. For example, I was stumped this evening by a sentence in which every other word was indecipherable. Often if there are proper names of people or places, it is harder to transcribe correctly. I was able to figure out eventually that there was a title of a book and the author's name was "Churchill." I googled "authors Churchill 1890s" and found a Wikipedia article about the American author Winston Churchill (of no relation to the Brit)! I scanned his list of books and found one named "Coniston" which fit with the letters I could decipher in the title! This is the kind of fun mystery I uncover in many letters.

The goal of this blog is to be able to share these fascinating letters with other members of the family and invite comments. I will try to include any fun and family facts that come up as well. Let me know what you think!

Peace,
Emily